The sand cat, or Felis margarita.

The sand cat is a small cat, which lives in the deserts of North Africa and Southwest/Central Asia. It is also completely terrifying, and you probably shouldn't go near it, if you want to stay alive. It was named Felis margarita in 1858, by the French soldier Victor Loche. They live in burrows that are either abandoned by foxes or porcupines, or ones that they take from rodents. (They enlarge the rodent burrows, so that they can fit.)

As of March 15, 2015, there are 116 sand cats in captivity.